Study on Bundelkhand of Planning Commission: Government - Programmes for Rural Development
Study on Bundelkhand of Planning Commission: Government - Programmes for Rural Development
Government - Programmes for Rural Development
In the earlier chapters on Health, Education and Economy, some of the government programmes have been briefly discussed in their respecti ve contexts. But the government has a very wide range of programmes in different sectors with various kinds of targetgroups. A publication of Public - Relations Department of the Government of Madhya Pradesh, namely ‘Aage Ayen Labh Uthayen’ ( Come Forward , Get Benefits ) mentions as many as 412 government - programmes in detail, in 38 sectors of development. These sectors include, Panchayat and Rural Development, Agriculture, Cooperatives, Forest, Cottage- Industry, Industry, Dairy, Fisheries, Primary Education, Public Health, Energy,Animal Husbandry, SC/ST Development, Enterpreneurship, Labour, Mother and Child Development, Social Welfare and Environment among others. There are as many as 31 kinds of beneficiaries in government programmes, the important ones being- SC/ST, OBC, Minorities, Farmers,Youth, Women, Unemployed, Homeless, Weavers, Slumdwellers, Students, Labourers, Tendu-leaf collectors, Artisans , Aged, Fishermen, Diseased, Consumer and Handicapped.
It is difficult to cover all the government - programmes in the given space here but some major programms with wide implications can be mentioned as follows:
1. Integrated Rural Development Programme (I.R.D.P)
The objective of this programme is to provide bank loans and government subsidy to those families which are living below poverty - line in rural areas, so that they can engage themselves in some self - employment activities.The programme is operating throughout the Madhya Pradesh.
Eligibility: Families living below poverty - line, that is those having the annual income of less then 11,000 Rs.
Selection Process: Beneficiary - family is selected by the Gram-Panchayat through the Gram - Sabha. Among the selected families 50% should be from ST/SC, 40%Women and 3% Physically handicapped.
Implementation- Process: The list of beneficiaries is sent by Panchayat to Block Office which prepares the loans - proposals and send it to the bank. Banks provide cash amount to the beneficiary.
Contact: Gram -Panchayat /Sarpanch/Block-office/ District Rural Development Agency (DRDA).
2. Jawahar Rojgar Yojna (J.R.Y.)
The objective of this programme is to provide gainful
employment to unemployed or
marginally - employed male and female in rural areas .It also aims at
creating community infrastructure in the rural areas for continuous use.
Selection- Process: The list of the people living below poverty-line is prepared by the
Eligibility: People living below poverty-line.
Gram - Panchayat with the consent of the Gram-Sabha.From among the beneficiaries , the priority would be given to ST/SC and the needy at the time of employment. Among them 30% should be women . The kind of work in which employment would be generated is decided by the Gram-Panchayat.
Implementation- Process : The employment is generated through the constitution-work of school-building, Anganari-centre,Primary health centre and village roads.
Role of Panchayats: Village - Panchayat can utilise 80% of the programme amount on construction - work generating employment to the poor . Panchayats are responsible for making proposal and plans and keeping the records of expenditure.
Contact: Sarpanch/Gram-panchayat.
3.Employment Assurance Scheme(E.A.S.)
The objective of the scheme is to provide assured emploment
of at least 100 days to poor
people in the age- group of 18-60 years during non-farmimg seasons.
Beneficiary: All those living below the poverty - line and in the age group of 18-60 years .Maximum two persons from one poor family would be included. The Scheme is operative in 340 blocks of 37 districts.
election-Process : The poor needy persons would register their names in GramPanchayat. If 20 such persons have applied , the work would be planned and implemented to engage them.
Implementation-Process: Work would be done only by the labourers. The payment to them would be partly in cash and partly in the form of 2 kg. foodgrains.
Role of Panchayat: If Gram- Panchayat is made the work- agency, it would implement it and keep the records of expenditure.
Contact: Collector/District Rural Development Agency.
4. Training of Rural Youth for Self- Employment(TRYSEM):
The objective of TRYSEM is to provide Self-employment opportunity through training to the youth of of age - group 18-35 years, living below the poverty-line. Beneficiary:Youth of age-group 18-35, living in a poor family.Out of the total number of beneficiaries, 50% should be from SC/ST and 3% physically handicapped. 30% of the total should be women.
Selection-Process: The list of identified Youth is prepared by the Gram-Panchayat through the consent of the Gram-Sabha.
Implementation-Process: The list of identified Youth is sent to Janapad - Panchayat which gives the final consent. The Youth is given training for a particular occupation, from among the many such occupations. The trainees are given stipend during the training -period. The stipend various from 200 to 500 Rs.Role of Panchayat:Gram-Panchayat have been given the sole responsibility to identify the beneficiaries.
Contact: Gram-Panchayat /Janapad - Panchayat/ Block office/ District Rural Development Agency.
5. Development of Women & Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA)
The objective of this programme is to provide Self-employment opportunities to the group of poor rural women by giving them training and making the seed- money and market available to their products so that their social status and the condition of their children in terms of health, education and nutrition is improved.
Beneficiaries: All women-groups in rural areas with preference to those living below the poverty - line . This programme is operating in all the 45 districts of M.P. Implementation-Process: The groups of 10-15 rural women are formed through the GramSevika ( female- functionary of govt. at the block-level) and trained in the trade chosen by the group. The seed - amount of Rs. 15000=00 is given to the group to start the business. The market is provided for the sell of the product. The group is also oriented on the issues of health, nutrition, education and legal rights of the women.
Contact:Gram-panchayat/District Women & Child Development office/ Block office/Commissioner, Women and Child development.
6. Indira Awas Yojna
The objective of this programme is to provide financial assistance to homeless families, living below poverty-line in rural areas, to construct houses for themselves.
Beneficiaries: Families living below the poverty -line in rural areas. Selection-Process: Beneficiaries are identified by the Gram-Panchayat with the consent of the Gram-Sabha and the list is send to Janapad Panchayat for finalisation.
Implementation-Process: The Beneficiary is provided with the sum of Rs. 14,000 for constructing his/her house. Out of this amount , 9,000/- is supposed to be used for the construction of the main building and 5000/- for sanitary latrine and smokeless chulha. The beneficiary is taken as the main builder of his/her own house under the supervision of the Panchayat. He/She is supposed to take full advantage of the village artisans and resources available in rural areas for construction work.
Role of Panchayat: In the selection of the beneficiaries and the supervision of the construction-work.
Contact: Sarpanch/Village - Panchayat.
7. Group Insurance Scheme for Bidi- Workers:
This scheme for Bidi-workers is operating since April 1,1992, in M.P. It operates through Bharatiya Jeevan Bima Nigam. The objective of the scheme is to provide financial support in case of the death of a bidi -worker.Important Element :
1. The age of the worker should be between 18 to 60 years.
2. The worker should have the identity - card . Such identity-cards are provided
by regional welfare commissioner.
3. If the worker is not the member of the Provident Fund , the age mentioned in
the identitycard would be applicable.
4. Under this scheme, every bidi - worker is insured for one year, for the value
of the sum of Rs. 3000/-.
5. Insured bidi-worker has not to pay any premium.
Payable Amount: If the worker dies in any accident , his/her nearest legal relative would get the amount of Rs. 6000/-.
Process: The nearest relative of the deceased would
send the application to the welfare
commissioner, who, after inspection would send it to Bhartiya Jeevan Bima Nigam(
Life
Insurance cooperation in India). The Insurance cooperation would send the money
to the
applicant through welfare commissioner.
8. Group Insurance Scheme for Social- Security of Tendu- leaf collectors:
The scheme is implemented by M.P. State Minor Forest Product Cooperative Union Limited with the involvement of Life Insurance Corporation of India.
Eligibility: All such collectors of Tendu-leaf , who are the member of Primary Forest Product Cooperative Committee and are of age -group 18-60 years.
Important Element: Member has not to pay any kind of premium.
Insured Amount: The amount of Rs. 4000/- will be payable in case of the normal death of the member, while the amount would be Rs. 6000/- in case of death by accident.
Process of Claim: The nearest or nominated relative of the deceased would apply on plain paper with the death-certificate of the member to the Cooperative Union office at the district through the Primary Cooperative Committee.At the qualification of the Union office, the cheque of the insured amount is given to the nominated/ nearest relation by Life Insurance Corporation.
9. Joint Forest Management(J.F.M.):
The objective of the programme is to involve the community in the conservation and protection of the forest, so that local people can get more and more benefits along with the development of the forest.
Under this programme, in the areas and villages around the dense-forest, Forest Protection Committees( Van Suraksha Samiti) are formed. In the village around deforested land or sparse forests, Village Forest Committees(Gram Van Samiti)are formed. Around national - park and sanctuaries, Eco Development Committees of villagers are formed.
In all kind of such committees, the general-body is formed out of one female and one male member from each family living in the village. The executive body of such committees include panchayat-representatives and others nominated by the Gram-Sabha.
The villages which are either inside the forest or at the periphery of it , can form such committees . If the village decides to have such committee, with the simple majority, it is constituted by the regional forest authority.
Forest Protection Committees are given royalty-free extension service in the forests. Village Forest Committees, around the sparse-forests, can get access to all the interim production from the reforested land and 30% of the final production i.e. on maturation of the trees. EcoDevelopment Committee can get similar kinds of benefits depending upon the dense and parse forests around them.
In the areas of such committee , Forest Department will function in coordination with such committees. Such Committees can take up the work on water, irrigation, agriculture landdevelopment and other such programmes in the areas where World-Bank Supported Madhya-Pradesh Forestry Programme is operating.
Contact: Divisional staff of Forest Department.
10. Dairy-Development:
Dairy-Development and milk-production is the area, for which there are several projects.Operation Flood-2 programme is operating in 29 district of the state through MilkFederation. It aims at providing proper price and benefits to milk-producers and also the safe milk to the consumers.
The other programmes of dairy- development include the support to the milk- producers from ST/SC classes for proper feed to the cattle. In scheduled- areas of the state, the support is given for the formation of Milk-Producer Cooperative Committees. There are rogrammes for the reproduction of new breeds of cow and buffaloes for increasing the production of milk. Special efforts are taken for the health-care of such milching animals. In some of the scheduled - areas of the state, Integrated Adiwasi Dairy-Development Project is operating for the economic benefit of such deprived classes
So, the overall scenario in development sector is such where numerous programmes and projects are operating for rural areas. There is no dearth of programmes. The problem is in reach - out. The attitudinal and operational problems, from both the government and beneficiaries side, are creating barriers in development . The efforts are required to work upon it.